A rail in Johannesburg is not a rail in Riyadh or Frankfurt. Each region has its own regulator, instant scheme, scheme economics and crypto stance. Start with South Africa — the rest follow on the moderated cadence.
SARB, PayInc, PayShap & RTC, the PASA sunset, EFT, DebiCheck, FSCA and the FIC Act.
Liveregions/africaPAPSS, AfricaNenda & the instant-payments wave, mobile money, Nigeria (NIBSS, eNaira), SADC-RTGS.
Liveregions/middle-eastSaudi SAMA (mada, sarie), UAE CBUAE (Aani, Jaywan, Open Finance), and Buna for Arab cross-border.
Liveregions/europePSD2 → PSD3 + PSR, SEPA, instant payments regulation, MiCA, eIDAS2 and the digital euro.
Liveregions/globalSchemes, the ISO 20022 migration, PCI, FATF, and BIS/CPMI principles that sit above every region.